Insulin is given as an injection in the layer of fat below the skin. This is called as “subcutaneous fat”.
Where to inject ?
- It should be given to the subcutaneous layer (fat layer).
- Do not give to the skin as it could be painful and lesser chance of absorption.
- It should not be given to the muscles as it increases absorption along with mild to moderate pain
Which sites to give?
- Abdomen and thigh are the ideal sites.
- For toddlers with diabetes, the ideal injection site is the buttocks.
- Do not give in areas of the body with less fat such as the arms.
Are all sites same?
- The site of choice can greatly affect the rate of absorption.
Abdomen > Arms > Thigh
- Make sure you use the same injection site for the time of the day.
Why rotate sites
Giving insulin injection at the same site increases the formation of lumps, which can significantly reduce the absorption of insulin.
- How Often Should You Rotate Insulin Injection Sites ?
- What happens if you Don’t Rotate Insulin Injection sites
Abdomen
Abdomen is the most preferred site
- Leave an area of 2 inches (or four finger breadths) on all sides of the navel and insulin can be given on remaining areas.
- If there is any scar over abdomen, avoid injecting close to it.
- Also remember to palpate the area for any lumps (called lipohypertrophy) below skin.
- If you notice them, that region should be avoided. This hold true for other sites also.
Thigh
Thigh is another easy to access area for insulin injection. Leave an area of about the width of a hand above the knee and below the top of the leg.
To put it simply, take it halfway between hip and the knee, slightly toward the outer side of leg.
Upper Arms
It is slightly difficult to self-administer insulin at this site and you may need assistance of a relative. The area midway between the elbow and shoulder at the back of the arm (See illustration) is to be used for injecting insulin.
If you are a right handed person wanting to inject insulin yourself, choosing left upper arm for injection would be slightly more convenient.
Buttocks
Often used for injecting insulin in small children. The region is halfway between the spine and the side, across the top of buttocks. This is the upper outer quadrant of the buttock.
This area is very difficult for self-injection and you may need assistance form a relative.
