What lab tests should diabetics monitor regularly?

Answered byDr. Pavan Kumar UppulaMBBS, MD (General Medicine), DM (Endocrinology)

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Patient's Query

32 years old • female

I know I should test my HbA1c every three months, but what about other lab tests? Are there other important tests, like lipid profiles or liver function, that diabetics should regularly monitor?

Doctor Answers

Dr. Pavan Kumar Uppula

Endocrinologist

Absolutely - effective diabetes management requires more than just monitoring A1C. Regular screening of additional labs helps manage complications and related conditions:

Lipid profile (cholesterol panel): Annually or more frequently if adjusting cholesterol medications, crucial for heart health.
Kidney function tests: Serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio annually.
Liver function tests (LFTs): Regular checks, especially if you’re on medications that can affect the liver or if fatty liver disease is suspected.
Electrolytes (e.g., sodium, potassium): Periodically, particularly if taking medications like diuretics or SGLT2 inhibitors.
Vitamin B12 (for those on long-term metformin): Check periodically to detect and treat deficiencies early.

Discuss frequency and necessity of these labs with your diabetes care provider, who can customize testing based on your health profile.

References:

Garber, A. J., et al. (2020). AACE Consensus Statement: Comprehensive Type 2 Diabetes Management Algorithm 2020. Endocrine Practice, 26(1), 107–139.
American Diabetes Association. (2023). Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities. Diabetes Care, 46(Suppl 1), S49–S67.
UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. (1998). Intensive glucose control and complications. Lancet, 352(9131), 837–853.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this Q&A is for educational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for personalized medical guidance and treatment recommendations.